Document Text Contents
Page 1
The Impact of a Teracom Group
Product From a Life Cycle
Perspective
Jacob Södergren
Master of Science Thesis
Stockholm 2013
Page 22
12
[email protected](."B"'(.1--(--+($,.%3.,A(."A%-($.>0%):",..
This
chapter
contains
the
usual
steps
within
an
LCA
according
to
the
aforementioned
methodology
of
the
tool,
including
goal
and
scope
definition,
life
cycle
inventory
analysis
and
life
cycle
impact
assessment
including
interpretation.
.
F;8.D%1'.1$).-"%>(.
The
goal
of
this
LCA
is
to
explore
the
STB’s
overall
potential
environmental
impact
in
order
to
contribute
to
Teracom
Group’s
further
sustainable
work.
The
result
will
be
used
to
communicate
this
development
within
the
company
and
form
a
base
for
further
recommendations
regarding
future
purchase
of
products.
F;8;8.N:$",4%$1'.:$4,.
The
chosen
product,
which
also
represents
the
functional
unit
for
the
LCA,
is
as
previously
mentioned
one
(1)
STB
from
Sagemcom
with
model
number
RTI90
320HD.
The
product
itself
including
supplied
accessories
such
as
cables,
remote
control
with
batteries,
the
manual
and
the
package
are
all
included.
The
total
weight
of
the
packages
delivered
to
final
customers
is
1.776
kg.
The
lifetime
of
the
product
is
assumed
to
be
5
years.
Additional
information
regarding
functionalities
and
power
consumption
can
be
found
in
chapter
2.4
Chosen
product
for
the
life
cycle
assessment,
and
in
appendix
I
–
Data
regarding
Sagemcom
RTI90
320HD.
F;8;=.2B-,(+./%:$)104(-.
The
life
cycle
of
the
chosen
products
begins
with
resource
extraction
from
nature,
to
obtain
all
materials
needed
for
the
production.
The
resource
extraction
can
be
described
as
the
cradle
of
the
product
and
will
only
occur
at
the
very
beginning.
The
life
cycle
ends
when
the
materials
are
returned
to
nature
as
emissions
or
end
up
at
landfills.
Since
emissions
will
occur
during
the
whole
life
cycle,
it
is
harder
to
specify
the
grave.
The
system
boundaries
are
further
illustrated
in
a
flowchart
(figure
6)
under
4.2.2
Flowchart
of
the
life
cycle.
Different
geographical
system
boundaries
will
affect
different
phases
of
the
product’s
life
cycle.
The
resource
extraction
will
most
likely
occur
all
over
the
world
making
boundaries
hard
to
predict.
Most
of
the
components
manufacturer
are
however
limited
to
China.
The
assembly
process
of
those
components
takes
place
in
Tunisia
and
the
products
are
sold
only
within
the
Swedish
market.
The
transports
between
these
locations
affect
globally.
The
time
horizon
stretches
from
use
of
raw
materials
(involving
resource
extraction)
to
the
waste
scenario,
including
production
and
use.
The
data
and
the
situation
will
represent
current
time
meaning
that
future
development
and
changes
will
not
be
considered.
The
technical
system
consists
of
all
the
human
processes,
from
when
natural
resources
are
extracted
until
these
are
released
back
as
emissions
to
nature
or
as
waste
to
landfill.
The
LCA
is
limited
by
investigating
only
the
resource
extraction
and
assembly
process
of
the
production
phase.
This
involves
imported
components
including
all
materials
and
energy
(electricity),
water
and
nitrogen
used
during
the
assembly
of
these.
Due
to
difficulties
in
examining
sub
suppliers,
the
processes
of
components
manufacturing
and
systems
linked
with
these
are
not
included.
Boundaries
regarding
transports
(figure
3,
where
truck
transports
are
indicated
by
green
and
ship
transports
are
indicated
by
blue)
within
the
life
cycle
include
transports
from
Chinese
components
manufacturers
throughout
the
chain,
ending
at
the
local
postal
offices
in
Sweden.
The
components
are
transported
from
the
factories
to
a
Chinese
harbour
by
truck
(right
hand
green
circle
in
figure
3).
From
there
the
parts
are
shipped
(blue
line
in
figure
3)
to
the
assembly
Page 23
13
factory
in
Tunisia.
The
final
products
are
then
transported
to
France
by
ship
(blue
line
in
figure
3)
over
the
Mediterranean
Sea.
Trucks
are
used
to
transport
the
products
through
Europe
(green
line
in
figure
3)
to
Boxer’s
Swedish
warehouse
located
in
Kalmar.
(Tremblay,
2012b)
The
products
are
distributed
to
the
local
postal
offices
by
truck
(left
hand
green
circle
in
figure
3).
Additional
transports
such
as
from
the
postal
offices
to
final
customer
and
to
recycling
centres
etc.
will
not
be
included
due
to
the
relative
short
distances
and
lack
of
statistics
regarding
these
kinds
of
transports.
Furthermore,
transports
of
disposed
products
to
recycling
plants,
landfills
etc.
was
excluded
for
the
same
reason.
Distances
used
for
the
LCA
can
be
found
in
appendix
I.
Figure
3.
Transport
chain
of
the
STB.
The
study
is
further
limited
to
the
Swedish
market,
including
statistics
and
other
data
regarding
households,
energy
mix,
waste
scenario
etc.
The
examined
STB
is
sold
not
only
by
Boxer,
but
also
by
other
retailers,
both
in
shops
and
online.
These
will
not
be
included
in
the
LCA.
Capital
goods
such
as
factory,
office
buildings
and
machinery
used
to
produce
the
product
will
not
be
included
in
this
LCA
since
these
types
of
tools
last
for,
and
produce
far
more
than
1
STB.
The
personnel
and
their
potential
impact
on
the
life
cycle
for
all
involved
companies
and
factories
will
not
be
taken
into
account.
Other
related
services
such
as
maintenance
and
reparation
of
the
products
will
also
be
excluded.
F;8;?.O1,1.P:1'4,B.
The
foreground
system
of
this
LCA
includes
the
aforementioned
specific
data,
including
for
instance
assembly,
transports
and
the
use
of
the
STB.
For
the
background
system,
including
areas
such
as
processing
of
materials,
production
of
fuel
etc.,
generic
values
are
used
in
the
Ecoinvent
database.
Most
of
the
collected
information,
such
as
quantity
of
materials
within
the
Page 44
i
Appendix
I
–
Data
regarding
Sagemcom
RTI90
320HD
Transport per product Distance
[km]
Ton km
[tkm]
SimaPro
Chinese manufacturers to Chinese harbour 2000 4.052 Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER S
Chinese harbour to Tunisian factory 17500 35.455 Transport, transoceanic freight ship/OCE S
Tunisian factory to French harbour 850 1.722 Transport, transoceanic freight ship/OCE S
French harbour to Swedish stock 2425 4.913 Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER S
Swedish stock to final customer 394 0.798 Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER S
Reference:
Tremblay, F., 2012. Data regarding Sagemcom RTI90 320HD. [Email] (Personal communication, 8 October 2012)
Tunisian electricity mix Electricity
[GWh]
Per Cent
[%]
oil 1443 9.2
gas 14074 89.7
hydro 79 0.5
wind 97 0.6
Reference:
International Energy Agency, 2011. Electricity/Heat in Tunisia 2009. [Online] Available at:
http://www.iea.org/stats/electricitydata.asp?COUNTRY_CODE=TN [Accessed 5 November 2012]
Use Phase Effect
[W]
Time
[min/day]
Electricity
[kWh]
Electricity (over 5 years)
[kWh]
active watching 13.335 162 0.036 65.708
additional on mode 13.335 180 0.040 73.009
standby mode 1.479 1098 0.027 48.718
off 0 0 0 0
References:
Tremblay, F., 2012. Data regarding Sagemcom RTI90 320HD. [Email] (Personal communication, 8 October 2012)
MMS, 2011. Årsrapport 2011. [Online] Available at: http://www.mms.se/_dokument/rapporter/ar/Årsrapport%202011.pdf
[Accessed 6 November 2012]
Page 45
TRITA-IM 2013:01
Industrial Ecology,
Royal Institute of Technology
www.ima.kth.se
The Impact of a Teracom Group
Product From a Life Cycle
Perspective
Jacob Södergren
Master of Science Thesis
Stockholm 2013
Page 22
12
[email protected](."B"'(.1--(--+($,.%3.,A(."A%-($.>0%):",..
This
chapter
contains
the
usual
steps
within
an
LCA
according
to
the
aforementioned
methodology
of
the
tool,
including
goal
and
scope
definition,
life
cycle
inventory
analysis
and
life
cycle
impact
assessment
including
interpretation.
.
F;8.D%1'.1$).-"%>(.
The
goal
of
this
LCA
is
to
explore
the
STB’s
overall
potential
environmental
impact
in
order
to
contribute
to
Teracom
Group’s
further
sustainable
work.
The
result
will
be
used
to
communicate
this
development
within
the
company
and
form
a
base
for
further
recommendations
regarding
future
purchase
of
products.
F;8;8.N:$",4%$1'.:$4,.
The
chosen
product,
which
also
represents
the
functional
unit
for
the
LCA,
is
as
previously
mentioned
one
(1)
STB
from
Sagemcom
with
model
number
RTI90
320HD.
The
product
itself
including
supplied
accessories
such
as
cables,
remote
control
with
batteries,
the
manual
and
the
package
are
all
included.
The
total
weight
of
the
packages
delivered
to
final
customers
is
1.776
kg.
The
lifetime
of
the
product
is
assumed
to
be
5
years.
Additional
information
regarding
functionalities
and
power
consumption
can
be
found
in
chapter
2.4
Chosen
product
for
the
life
cycle
assessment,
and
in
appendix
I
–
Data
regarding
Sagemcom
RTI90
320HD.
F;8;=.2B-,(+./%:$)104(-.
The
life
cycle
of
the
chosen
products
begins
with
resource
extraction
from
nature,
to
obtain
all
materials
needed
for
the
production.
The
resource
extraction
can
be
described
as
the
cradle
of
the
product
and
will
only
occur
at
the
very
beginning.
The
life
cycle
ends
when
the
materials
are
returned
to
nature
as
emissions
or
end
up
at
landfills.
Since
emissions
will
occur
during
the
whole
life
cycle,
it
is
harder
to
specify
the
grave.
The
system
boundaries
are
further
illustrated
in
a
flowchart
(figure
6)
under
4.2.2
Flowchart
of
the
life
cycle.
Different
geographical
system
boundaries
will
affect
different
phases
of
the
product’s
life
cycle.
The
resource
extraction
will
most
likely
occur
all
over
the
world
making
boundaries
hard
to
predict.
Most
of
the
components
manufacturer
are
however
limited
to
China.
The
assembly
process
of
those
components
takes
place
in
Tunisia
and
the
products
are
sold
only
within
the
Swedish
market.
The
transports
between
these
locations
affect
globally.
The
time
horizon
stretches
from
use
of
raw
materials
(involving
resource
extraction)
to
the
waste
scenario,
including
production
and
use.
The
data
and
the
situation
will
represent
current
time
meaning
that
future
development
and
changes
will
not
be
considered.
The
technical
system
consists
of
all
the
human
processes,
from
when
natural
resources
are
extracted
until
these
are
released
back
as
emissions
to
nature
or
as
waste
to
landfill.
The
LCA
is
limited
by
investigating
only
the
resource
extraction
and
assembly
process
of
the
production
phase.
This
involves
imported
components
including
all
materials
and
energy
(electricity),
water
and
nitrogen
used
during
the
assembly
of
these.
Due
to
difficulties
in
examining
sub
suppliers,
the
processes
of
components
manufacturing
and
systems
linked
with
these
are
not
included.
Boundaries
regarding
transports
(figure
3,
where
truck
transports
are
indicated
by
green
and
ship
transports
are
indicated
by
blue)
within
the
life
cycle
include
transports
from
Chinese
components
manufacturers
throughout
the
chain,
ending
at
the
local
postal
offices
in
Sweden.
The
components
are
transported
from
the
factories
to
a
Chinese
harbour
by
truck
(right
hand
green
circle
in
figure
3).
From
there
the
parts
are
shipped
(blue
line
in
figure
3)
to
the
assembly
Page 23
13
factory
in
Tunisia.
The
final
products
are
then
transported
to
France
by
ship
(blue
line
in
figure
3)
over
the
Mediterranean
Sea.
Trucks
are
used
to
transport
the
products
through
Europe
(green
line
in
figure
3)
to
Boxer’s
Swedish
warehouse
located
in
Kalmar.
(Tremblay,
2012b)
The
products
are
distributed
to
the
local
postal
offices
by
truck
(left
hand
green
circle
in
figure
3).
Additional
transports
such
as
from
the
postal
offices
to
final
customer
and
to
recycling
centres
etc.
will
not
be
included
due
to
the
relative
short
distances
and
lack
of
statistics
regarding
these
kinds
of
transports.
Furthermore,
transports
of
disposed
products
to
recycling
plants,
landfills
etc.
was
excluded
for
the
same
reason.
Distances
used
for
the
LCA
can
be
found
in
appendix
I.
Figure
3.
Transport
chain
of
the
STB.
The
study
is
further
limited
to
the
Swedish
market,
including
statistics
and
other
data
regarding
households,
energy
mix,
waste
scenario
etc.
The
examined
STB
is
sold
not
only
by
Boxer,
but
also
by
other
retailers,
both
in
shops
and
online.
These
will
not
be
included
in
the
LCA.
Capital
goods
such
as
factory,
office
buildings
and
machinery
used
to
produce
the
product
will
not
be
included
in
this
LCA
since
these
types
of
tools
last
for,
and
produce
far
more
than
1
STB.
The
personnel
and
their
potential
impact
on
the
life
cycle
for
all
involved
companies
and
factories
will
not
be
taken
into
account.
Other
related
services
such
as
maintenance
and
reparation
of
the
products
will
also
be
excluded.
F;8;?.O1,1.P:1'4,B.
The
foreground
system
of
this
LCA
includes
the
aforementioned
specific
data,
including
for
instance
assembly,
transports
and
the
use
of
the
STB.
For
the
background
system,
including
areas
such
as
processing
of
materials,
production
of
fuel
etc.,
generic
values
are
used
in
the
Ecoinvent
database.
Most
of
the
collected
information,
such
as
quantity
of
materials
within
the
Page 44
i
Appendix
I
–
Data
regarding
Sagemcom
RTI90
320HD
Transport per product Distance
[km]
Ton km
[tkm]
SimaPro
Chinese manufacturers to Chinese harbour 2000 4.052 Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER S
Chinese harbour to Tunisian factory 17500 35.455 Transport, transoceanic freight ship/OCE S
Tunisian factory to French harbour 850 1.722 Transport, transoceanic freight ship/OCE S
French harbour to Swedish stock 2425 4.913 Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER S
Swedish stock to final customer 394 0.798 Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER S
Reference:
Tremblay, F., 2012. Data regarding Sagemcom RTI90 320HD. [Email] (Personal communication, 8 October 2012)
Tunisian electricity mix Electricity
[GWh]
Per Cent
[%]
oil 1443 9.2
gas 14074 89.7
hydro 79 0.5
wind 97 0.6
Reference:
International Energy Agency, 2011. Electricity/Heat in Tunisia 2009. [Online] Available at:
http://www.iea.org/stats/electricitydata.asp?COUNTRY_CODE=TN [Accessed 5 November 2012]
Use Phase Effect
[W]
Time
[min/day]
Electricity
[kWh]
Electricity (over 5 years)
[kWh]
active watching 13.335 162 0.036 65.708
additional on mode 13.335 180 0.040 73.009
standby mode 1.479 1098 0.027 48.718
off 0 0 0 0
References:
Tremblay, F., 2012. Data regarding Sagemcom RTI90 320HD. [Email] (Personal communication, 8 October 2012)
MMS, 2011. Årsrapport 2011. [Online] Available at: http://www.mms.se/_dokument/rapporter/ar/Årsrapport%202011.pdf
[Accessed 6 November 2012]
Page 45
TRITA-IM 2013:01
Industrial Ecology,
Royal Institute of Technology
www.ima.kth.se
