Document Text Contents
Page 1
The
Chang Huang
CRC Press
Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C.
Copyright 1999 by CRC Press LLC
Page 2
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Catalog record IS avadable from the Library of Congress
This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with
permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish
reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the valid~ty of all materials
or for the consequences of their use.
Neither this book nor any pan may be reproduced or transm~tted In any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical.
including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or by any informat~on storage or retrieval system, without prior
perm~ssion in wnting from the publisher.
The consent of CRC Press LLC does not extend to copying for general distnbution, for promotion, for creating new works,
or for resale. Specific permission must be obta~ned in writmg from CRC Press LLC for such copying.
Direct all inquiries to CRC Press LLC. 20W N.W. Corporate Blvd.. Boca Raton, Florida 33431
Wademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered tmdemarks, and are used only for
identification and explanation, without intent to ~nfringe.
Visit the CRC Press Web site at wwwcrcpress.com
0 1999 by CRC Press LLC
No claim to original U.S. Government works
lnternat~onal Standard Book Number 0-8493-1665-0
Printed ~n the Unnted States of America 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
Printed on acid-free paper
Copyright 1999 by CRC Press LLC
www.crcpress.com
www.crcpress.com
Page 239
Therapeutic Uses: The herb has antiacid and astringent effects. The Herbal Classic
of the Divine Plowman described it as useful to check hyperfunction of yang of
the liver, to soften and resolve hard masses, and to induce astringency.
Copyright 1999 by CRC Press LLC
Page 240
LAXATIVE HERBS
A Chinese proverb stated that "sick comes from the top, while rescue comes from
the bottom." Thus, to treat any illness, removal of the bowel contents was advised.
Because of this, most Chinese prescription formulas include a laxative as an
adjuvant, such as Tai Huang, which appears in two out of ten prescriptions. The
mechanism of most laxatives involves stimulation of the intestinal mucosa, resulting
in an increase in peristalsis. Their major adverse effect is to increase blood
congestion in the abdomen.
TAI HUANC )
The dried root or rhizome of Rheum palmatum L., R. officinale
Baill., or R. tanguticum Maxim. ex Balf.
Chemistry: The major components isolated from the herb are the glycosides,
rhein-8-monoglucoside, physcion monoglucoside, aloe-emodin monoglucoside,
emodin-monoglucoside, chrysophenol monoglucoside, sennoside A, B, and C.
Rheum tannic acids, gallic acid, and catechin are also present.
R = R1=
Rhei n COOH H
Emod l n OH CH3
Chrysophenol CH3 H h$bR Aloeemdtn CH20H H R t
Physcion 0CH3 CH3
cH,acH - c H ~ ~ g ' u c O s e H
Rhapontin
Copyright 1999 by CRC Press LLC
Page 478
Mu Li
Mu Torn Hui
Mu Tong
Mu Xiang
Nan Tien Zu
Nan Gua Zi
Nan He Shi
Nan Xing
Nao Yang Hua
Niu Rang
Niu Huang
Nonh Wu Jia Pi
Nu Zhen Zi
Pa Chiao Lien
Pa Jiao Lian
Pai Chian Cao
I'ei Go Su Ye
Pei Ian
Pei Mu Er
Pi Jiu Hua
Pin Di Mu
Pu Gong Ying
Pu Huang
Qian Cao
Qian Hu
Qian Jin Zi
Qian Jin Teng
Qian Li Guang
Qian Niu Zi
Qian Ri Hang
Qian Shi
Qin Cai
Qin Jiu
Qin Mu Xing
Qin Pi
Qing Dai
Qing Fend Teng
Qing Hao Su
Qing Teng
Qing Ye Dan
Qmn Zhi (Agar agar)
Qu Mai
Quan Xie
Quan Ye Qing Ian
Ron Dau Kou
llou Chon Wun
San Hai Ton
San Ke Zhrn
San Jin Shan
Osrrea gigas
Parrinia hererophylla
Clematis armandii
Aucklandia lappa
Nandha domesrica
Cucurbrra moschara
Daucus carora
Arisaema
consanguineurn
Rhododendron moue
Arcfium lappa
Bos fauna
Acanthopanax
senficosus
Ligustrum lucidum
Dysosma pleianrha
Podopbyllum emoii
Desmodium pulcheNum
Ginkgo hiloha
Eupatot3um odoratum
Tremella facifornls
Humulus lupulus
Ardlsia japouica
Taraxacum
mongolicum
Typha angusrifollu
Rubia cordifolia
Peucedanum
praeruptoum
Euphorhia lalhyris
Slephania japonica
Senecio scandens
Pharhirls nil
Comphrena globosa
Eurpzla ferox
Aplum graueolens
Geuriana macrophylla
Arisrolochia debills
Fminus rhychopyla
~satls ~ndigolica
Sinomenium acufum
ArTemlsia ammia
Sinomenrum acutum
S M i a mileensls
Gelidium amansii
Dianthus superhus
Bulhus marlensi
Dracocephalum
1ntegnijoRum
Myrlsrlca fragrans
Cisfanche deseriicola
San Long Zhi
Sdn Qi
San Ye Mo Ton
Sang Zhi
Sha Ren
She Seng
She Yuan Zi
Shan Ci Gu
Shan Gong Zi Oil
Shan Dou Gen
Shan Dou Gen
Shen Zha
Shan Zhu Yu
Shang Lu
She Can
She Chuang Zi
She Mei
She Xiang
Shei Yiang Mei Gen
Shen Jin Cao
Shrng Jiang
Sheng Ma
Shi Cao
Shi Da Chuan
Shi Diao Ian
Shi Gao
Shi Jian Chuan
Shi J i m Zi
Shi Liu Pi
Shr Shang Bai
Shi Suan
Shi Yang Seng
Shu Liang
Shu Qu Cao
Shui Fei Ji
Shui Hong Hua
Si Ji Qing
Song Ji Shang
Song Ta
Soybedn (Huang Dao)
Su Mu
Sum Zao Ren
Suo Luo Zi
Sue Ydng
Tai Huang
Taiwan Pei lan
Tdn Seng
Tan Xiang
Tang Jie
Teng Li Gen
T ~ a n Dong
Tian Hua Fen
Tian Kui Zi
Scopolia rangulica
Pan, rlngiberensls
Akehia rn~oltata
Morus alha
Amomum vlllosum
Adenophora tetraphyNa
Aslragalus complanatus
Iphrgenia indica
Litsea cubeba
Menispermum
dauncum
Sophora subprostrara
Craraegus [email protected]
Corulrc officinalis
Phytolacca acinosa
Belamcandu chinensis
Cnidium monnieri
Duchesnea indica
Moschrrs sifanicu
Adina rubella
Lycopodium clauafum
Zingiber officinale
Cimicifuga heracleifolia
Achilfea a(piua
Oldenlandia
chTsot3richa
Lysionorw pauciJlorus
Gypsum fibrosum
Saluia chtnensis
Quisqualls indica
Punica granarum
Selaginella doederlelnii
Lycoric radiala
Panar qurnquefolius
Diosco,-ea cirrhosa
Gnaphahum afjine
Silybutn mananum
Polygonum orlentale
llex chinensls
Loranrhus paraslricus
Pinus hungeana
GNine soja
Caesalpinia sappan
Z i rphw spinosa
Aesculw chinensis
Cynomorium
songaricum
Rheum palmarum
Eupatorium
formsanutn
Saluia mdriorrhira
SanraNum album
Epsimum
cheiranrhoides
Acrinidia chlnensis
Asparagus cochinensis
Trichosanthes kirilowri
Semtaquilegia
adoxoides
Copyright 1999 by CRC Press LLC
Page 479
Tian Long
Tian Ma
Tie Shu
Tte Xian Cai
Tong Guan Teng
Tou Gu Cao
Tu Si Zi
Tu Tai Huang
Tuo Cha
Wa Leng Zi
Wang Bu 1.i" Xing
Wang Jiang Nan
Wei Ling Xian
Wei Ma0
Wong Nian Qing
Woo Lu Bar
Wu Bei Zi
Wu Gong
Wu Jia Pi
Wu Jiu
Wu Mei
Wu Tong
Wu Wei Zi
Wu Tao
Wu Yao
Wu Zhu Y u
Xao Yie Pi Pa
Xi Sheng Teng
Xi Xin
Xi Xian Cao
Xia Ku Cao
Xia Tian Wu
Xian He Cao
Xian Mao
Xian Si Zi
Xiang Fu
Xiang Jia Pi
Xiao Hui Xiang
Xiao Ji
Xiao Teng Rin Er Cao
Xin Yi Hua
Xing Ren
Xijiang Guo Ben
Xu Chang Qing
Xu Duan
Xuan Seng
Xue Shang Yi Zhu Gao
Gekko chinensis
Gastrodia elata
Cycas rmluta
Acalypha atufralis
Mandenia tenaclrrima
Impatient balsamina
Ctucuta chinensis
Rumex patientfa
Camellia sinensis
Area subcrenafa
Vaccaria segetalis
Cassia occidental~s
Clematis chinensis
Euonymtu alafus
Rhodea japonica
Trigonella
foenumgraecum
Rhtu chinencis
Xolopendra subspintpes
Acanfhopanax
gracilistylns
Sapium sehifemm
Pmnus mume
Firmiana simplex
Shisandra chinensrs
Radix aconifi
praeparata
Lindera nrychnifolia
Euodta mlaecarpa
Rhododendron
anthopogonoides
Clrrampelos pareira
Asarum heferofropoides
Siegesbedia orientalis
Prunella uulgaris
Coydalis decumbens
Agrimonia pilosa
Curculigo orchoiles
Abrus precatoritu
Cypems rolundtu
Periploca sepium
Foeniculum uulgare
Cephalanoplos segetum
Dacfylicarnos tomlosa
Magnolia lili/lora
Pruntu armeniaca
Coniselinum uaginatum
Cynanchum
paniculatum
Dlpsacus asper
Scrophularia
mingpoensis
Aconitum brachypodum
Ya Zhi Cao
Yan Hu Suo
Yang Guo Nau
Yang Ti Gen
Yao Jiu Hua
Ye Bai He
Ye Dou Gen
Ye Huang Hua
Ye Kuan Mun
Ye Xia Zhu
Yen Xing lraf
Yi Mu Cao
Yi Ye Chau
Yi Yi Ken
Yi Zhi Jian
Yiang Jin Hua
Yie Pu Tao Teng
Yin Chen
Yin Yang Huo
Yu Gan Zi
Yu Jin
Yu Mi Xiu
Yu Xing Cao
Yuan Hua
Yuan Zhi
Yuan Xi Huang San
Yue Li Ren
Yun Xiang Cao
Ze Qi
Ze Xie
Zhang Zhu
Zhi Mu
Zhi Qiao
Zhi Shi
Zhi Zi
Zhong Jie Feng
Zhu Je Ginseng
Zhu Ling
Zhu Zi Tou
Zhui Hua Huang Gin
Zi Cao
Z1 Hing Chang Ya Cai
Zi Kee Guan Zhong
Zi Su
Zi Yu
Zi Zhu Cao
Ya Dan Zi Brucea lauenica Zu Si Ma
Commelina communis
Corydalis
turischaninouii
Stropbanthus
diuaricatus
Rumex japonica
Chrysanthemum
indicum
Crotalaria sessiliflora
Menispermum
daurfcum
Patrinia scabiosaefolia
Lespedeza cuneata
PhyNanthus urinaria
Ginkgo biloba
LeonuruS
heterophyllw
Securinega sufmficosa
Coix lachryma
Opioglossum uulgatum
Datura tatula
Ampelopsis
brevipedunculata
Ariemisia capillaris
Epimedium breuicomm
Phyllanthus emblica
Curcuma aromatics
Zea mays
Houttuynia cordala
Daphne genkwa
Polygala tenuifolia
Allamanda cafhanica
Bush chey
Cymbopogon distans
Euphorbia helioscopia
Alisma ork?nralis,
Alisma
plantagoaquatica
Atractylu. orata
Anemawhena
asphodeloides
Citrus Auranrium
C i f m auranttum
Gardenia jasminoides
Sarcandra glabra
Panaxjaponicum
Polypow umbellaticr
Cmtalaria mucronafa
Corydalis thysiflora
Arnebia euchroma
SwMtia punica
Osmunda japonica
PeriNa fmtescens
Sanguisorba ofjcinalis
Callicarpa macrophylla
Daphne grraldii
Copyright 1999 by CRC Press LLC
The
Chang Huang
CRC Press
Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C.
Copyright 1999 by CRC Press LLC
Page 2
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Catalog record IS avadable from the Library of Congress
This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with
permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish
reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the valid~ty of all materials
or for the consequences of their use.
Neither this book nor any pan may be reproduced or transm~tted In any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical.
including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or by any informat~on storage or retrieval system, without prior
perm~ssion in wnting from the publisher.
The consent of CRC Press LLC does not extend to copying for general distnbution, for promotion, for creating new works,
or for resale. Specific permission must be obta~ned in writmg from CRC Press LLC for such copying.
Direct all inquiries to CRC Press LLC. 20W N.W. Corporate Blvd.. Boca Raton, Florida 33431
Wademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered tmdemarks, and are used only for
identification and explanation, without intent to ~nfringe.
Visit the CRC Press Web site at wwwcrcpress.com
0 1999 by CRC Press LLC
No claim to original U.S. Government works
lnternat~onal Standard Book Number 0-8493-1665-0
Printed ~n the Unnted States of America 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
Printed on acid-free paper
Copyright 1999 by CRC Press LLC
www.crcpress.com
www.crcpress.com
Page 239
Therapeutic Uses: The herb has antiacid and astringent effects. The Herbal Classic
of the Divine Plowman described it as useful to check hyperfunction of yang of
the liver, to soften and resolve hard masses, and to induce astringency.
Copyright 1999 by CRC Press LLC
Page 240
LAXATIVE HERBS
A Chinese proverb stated that "sick comes from the top, while rescue comes from
the bottom." Thus, to treat any illness, removal of the bowel contents was advised.
Because of this, most Chinese prescription formulas include a laxative as an
adjuvant, such as Tai Huang, which appears in two out of ten prescriptions. The
mechanism of most laxatives involves stimulation of the intestinal mucosa, resulting
in an increase in peristalsis. Their major adverse effect is to increase blood
congestion in the abdomen.
TAI HUANC )
The dried root or rhizome of Rheum palmatum L., R. officinale
Baill., or R. tanguticum Maxim. ex Balf.
Chemistry: The major components isolated from the herb are the glycosides,
rhein-8-monoglucoside, physcion monoglucoside, aloe-emodin monoglucoside,
emodin-monoglucoside, chrysophenol monoglucoside, sennoside A, B, and C.
Rheum tannic acids, gallic acid, and catechin are also present.
R = R1=
Rhei n COOH H
Emod l n OH CH3
Chrysophenol CH3 H h$bR Aloeemdtn CH20H H R t
Physcion 0CH3 CH3
cH,acH - c H ~ ~ g ' u c O s e H
Rhapontin
Copyright 1999 by CRC Press LLC
Page 478
Mu Li
Mu Torn Hui
Mu Tong
Mu Xiang
Nan Tien Zu
Nan Gua Zi
Nan He Shi
Nan Xing
Nao Yang Hua
Niu Rang
Niu Huang
Nonh Wu Jia Pi
Nu Zhen Zi
Pa Chiao Lien
Pa Jiao Lian
Pai Chian Cao
I'ei Go Su Ye
Pei Ian
Pei Mu Er
Pi Jiu Hua
Pin Di Mu
Pu Gong Ying
Pu Huang
Qian Cao
Qian Hu
Qian Jin Zi
Qian Jin Teng
Qian Li Guang
Qian Niu Zi
Qian Ri Hang
Qian Shi
Qin Cai
Qin Jiu
Qin Mu Xing
Qin Pi
Qing Dai
Qing Fend Teng
Qing Hao Su
Qing Teng
Qing Ye Dan
Qmn Zhi (Agar agar)
Qu Mai
Quan Xie
Quan Ye Qing Ian
Ron Dau Kou
llou Chon Wun
San Hai Ton
San Ke Zhrn
San Jin Shan
Osrrea gigas
Parrinia hererophylla
Clematis armandii
Aucklandia lappa
Nandha domesrica
Cucurbrra moschara
Daucus carora
Arisaema
consanguineurn
Rhododendron moue
Arcfium lappa
Bos fauna
Acanthopanax
senficosus
Ligustrum lucidum
Dysosma pleianrha
Podopbyllum emoii
Desmodium pulcheNum
Ginkgo hiloha
Eupatot3um odoratum
Tremella facifornls
Humulus lupulus
Ardlsia japouica
Taraxacum
mongolicum
Typha angusrifollu
Rubia cordifolia
Peucedanum
praeruptoum
Euphorhia lalhyris
Slephania japonica
Senecio scandens
Pharhirls nil
Comphrena globosa
Eurpzla ferox
Aplum graueolens
Geuriana macrophylla
Arisrolochia debills
Fminus rhychopyla
~satls ~ndigolica
Sinomenium acufum
ArTemlsia ammia
Sinomenrum acutum
S M i a mileensls
Gelidium amansii
Dianthus superhus
Bulhus marlensi
Dracocephalum
1ntegnijoRum
Myrlsrlca fragrans
Cisfanche deseriicola
San Long Zhi
Sdn Qi
San Ye Mo Ton
Sang Zhi
Sha Ren
She Seng
She Yuan Zi
Shan Ci Gu
Shan Gong Zi Oil
Shan Dou Gen
Shan Dou Gen
Shen Zha
Shan Zhu Yu
Shang Lu
She Can
She Chuang Zi
She Mei
She Xiang
Shei Yiang Mei Gen
Shen Jin Cao
Shrng Jiang
Sheng Ma
Shi Cao
Shi Da Chuan
Shi Diao Ian
Shi Gao
Shi Jian Chuan
Shi J i m Zi
Shi Liu Pi
Shr Shang Bai
Shi Suan
Shi Yang Seng
Shu Liang
Shu Qu Cao
Shui Fei Ji
Shui Hong Hua
Si Ji Qing
Song Ji Shang
Song Ta
Soybedn (Huang Dao)
Su Mu
Sum Zao Ren
Suo Luo Zi
Sue Ydng
Tai Huang
Taiwan Pei lan
Tdn Seng
Tan Xiang
Tang Jie
Teng Li Gen
T ~ a n Dong
Tian Hua Fen
Tian Kui Zi
Scopolia rangulica
Pan, rlngiberensls
Akehia rn~oltata
Morus alha
Amomum vlllosum
Adenophora tetraphyNa
Aslragalus complanatus
Iphrgenia indica
Litsea cubeba
Menispermum
dauncum
Sophora subprostrara
Craraegus [email protected]
Corulrc officinalis
Phytolacca acinosa
Belamcandu chinensis
Cnidium monnieri
Duchesnea indica
Moschrrs sifanicu
Adina rubella
Lycopodium clauafum
Zingiber officinale
Cimicifuga heracleifolia
Achilfea a(piua
Oldenlandia
chTsot3richa
Lysionorw pauciJlorus
Gypsum fibrosum
Saluia chtnensis
Quisqualls indica
Punica granarum
Selaginella doederlelnii
Lycoric radiala
Panar qurnquefolius
Diosco,-ea cirrhosa
Gnaphahum afjine
Silybutn mananum
Polygonum orlentale
llex chinensls
Loranrhus paraslricus
Pinus hungeana
GNine soja
Caesalpinia sappan
Z i rphw spinosa
Aesculw chinensis
Cynomorium
songaricum
Rheum palmarum
Eupatorium
formsanutn
Saluia mdriorrhira
SanraNum album
Epsimum
cheiranrhoides
Acrinidia chlnensis
Asparagus cochinensis
Trichosanthes kirilowri
Semtaquilegia
adoxoides
Copyright 1999 by CRC Press LLC
Page 479
Tian Long
Tian Ma
Tie Shu
Tte Xian Cai
Tong Guan Teng
Tou Gu Cao
Tu Si Zi
Tu Tai Huang
Tuo Cha
Wa Leng Zi
Wang Bu 1.i" Xing
Wang Jiang Nan
Wei Ling Xian
Wei Ma0
Wong Nian Qing
Woo Lu Bar
Wu Bei Zi
Wu Gong
Wu Jia Pi
Wu Jiu
Wu Mei
Wu Tong
Wu Wei Zi
Wu Tao
Wu Yao
Wu Zhu Y u
Xao Yie Pi Pa
Xi Sheng Teng
Xi Xin
Xi Xian Cao
Xia Ku Cao
Xia Tian Wu
Xian He Cao
Xian Mao
Xian Si Zi
Xiang Fu
Xiang Jia Pi
Xiao Hui Xiang
Xiao Ji
Xiao Teng Rin Er Cao
Xin Yi Hua
Xing Ren
Xijiang Guo Ben
Xu Chang Qing
Xu Duan
Xuan Seng
Xue Shang Yi Zhu Gao
Gekko chinensis
Gastrodia elata
Cycas rmluta
Acalypha atufralis
Mandenia tenaclrrima
Impatient balsamina
Ctucuta chinensis
Rumex patientfa
Camellia sinensis
Area subcrenafa
Vaccaria segetalis
Cassia occidental~s
Clematis chinensis
Euonymtu alafus
Rhodea japonica
Trigonella
foenumgraecum
Rhtu chinencis
Xolopendra subspintpes
Acanfhopanax
gracilistylns
Sapium sehifemm
Pmnus mume
Firmiana simplex
Shisandra chinensrs
Radix aconifi
praeparata
Lindera nrychnifolia
Euodta mlaecarpa
Rhododendron
anthopogonoides
Clrrampelos pareira
Asarum heferofropoides
Siegesbedia orientalis
Prunella uulgaris
Coydalis decumbens
Agrimonia pilosa
Curculigo orchoiles
Abrus precatoritu
Cypems rolundtu
Periploca sepium
Foeniculum uulgare
Cephalanoplos segetum
Dacfylicarnos tomlosa
Magnolia lili/lora
Pruntu armeniaca
Coniselinum uaginatum
Cynanchum
paniculatum
Dlpsacus asper
Scrophularia
mingpoensis
Aconitum brachypodum
Ya Zhi Cao
Yan Hu Suo
Yang Guo Nau
Yang Ti Gen
Yao Jiu Hua
Ye Bai He
Ye Dou Gen
Ye Huang Hua
Ye Kuan Mun
Ye Xia Zhu
Yen Xing lraf
Yi Mu Cao
Yi Ye Chau
Yi Yi Ken
Yi Zhi Jian
Yiang Jin Hua
Yie Pu Tao Teng
Yin Chen
Yin Yang Huo
Yu Gan Zi
Yu Jin
Yu Mi Xiu
Yu Xing Cao
Yuan Hua
Yuan Zhi
Yuan Xi Huang San
Yue Li Ren
Yun Xiang Cao
Ze Qi
Ze Xie
Zhang Zhu
Zhi Mu
Zhi Qiao
Zhi Shi
Zhi Zi
Zhong Jie Feng
Zhu Je Ginseng
Zhu Ling
Zhu Zi Tou
Zhui Hua Huang Gin
Zi Cao
Z1 Hing Chang Ya Cai
Zi Kee Guan Zhong
Zi Su
Zi Yu
Zi Zhu Cao
Ya Dan Zi Brucea lauenica Zu Si Ma
Commelina communis
Corydalis
turischaninouii
Stropbanthus
diuaricatus
Rumex japonica
Chrysanthemum
indicum
Crotalaria sessiliflora
Menispermum
daurfcum
Patrinia scabiosaefolia
Lespedeza cuneata
PhyNanthus urinaria
Ginkgo biloba
LeonuruS
heterophyllw
Securinega sufmficosa
Coix lachryma
Opioglossum uulgatum
Datura tatula
Ampelopsis
brevipedunculata
Ariemisia capillaris
Epimedium breuicomm
Phyllanthus emblica
Curcuma aromatics
Zea mays
Houttuynia cordala
Daphne genkwa
Polygala tenuifolia
Allamanda cafhanica
Bush chey
Cymbopogon distans
Euphorbia helioscopia
Alisma ork?nralis,
Alisma
plantagoaquatica
Atractylu. orata
Anemawhena
asphodeloides
Citrus Auranrium
C i f m auranttum
Gardenia jasminoides
Sarcandra glabra
Panaxjaponicum
Polypow umbellaticr
Cmtalaria mucronafa
Corydalis thysiflora
Arnebia euchroma
SwMtia punica
Osmunda japonica
PeriNa fmtescens
Sanguisorba ofjcinalis
Callicarpa macrophylla
Daphne grraldii
Copyright 1999 by CRC Press LLC
